同等学力英语每日一练:2017年1月6日
The United States Food and Drug Administration has approved a fast new test for HIV,the virus that causes AIDS. The OraQuick test shows results 1 as little as twentyminutes. Experts say this means many more people will 2 be tested. Results from most 3 HIV tests take days or even weeks. The FDA says the new test 4 correct resultsalmost one-hundred percent of the time. The test requires 5 drop of blood from aperson’s finger.
An estimated nine-hundred-thousand Americans are 6 with HIV. But experts say 7 twenty-five percent of these people do not know they are infected. Currently, abouthalf the people 8 for HIV in public health centers fail to return to 9 the results ofthe test. Health officials say the new test will 10 people with HIV to start treatmentsooner.
Health officials also say the OraQuick test may reduce the 11 of HIV from mothersto newborn babies. A 12 woman could be tested before she gives birth. The test canalso help health workers. It can tell 13 they have been threatened by blood from infected 14. If so, the workers can start drug treatment immediately to 15 getting thevirus. The FDA has approved the test 16 use in hospitals, medical centers and doctors’offices that 17 the federal laboratory requirements. But the government has asked thecompany that makes the test to request that these requirements be eased. This would meanthat 18 health centers could give the test. Secretary of Health and Human ServicesTommy Thompson praised the test 19 a very important step in America’s fight 20 AIDS.
1. A) for B) at C) in D) beyond
2. A) certainly B) primarily C) probably D) reasonably
3. A) favourable B) current C) valid D) concrete
4. A) reports B) explores C) predicts D) instructs
5. A) an individual B) a single C) a sole D) a singular
6. A) caught B) polluted C) spread D) infected
7. A) up to B) as much as C) only D) as few as
8. A) test B) tested C) being tested D) have been tested
9. A) learn B) study C) check D) treat
10. A) permit B) prohibit C) enable D) authorize
11. A) expansion B) spread C) extension D) promotion
12. A) young B) married C) pregnant D) sick
13. A) if B) that C) when D) how
14. A) workers B) officials C) leaders D) patients
15. A) prevent B) recover from C) retreat from D) protect
16. A) in B) of C) for D) to
17. A) meet B) give C) need D) make
18. A) fewer B) much more C) less D) many more
19. A) that B) is C) as D) for
20. A) for B) against C) about D) back
[答案与解析]
1.C。这里指这项测试在仅仅二十分钟_______就显示出结果;结果出来肯定是在一段时间之后,而介词in+一段时间指“(一段时间)之后”,因此选C最合理,其他三项无 此用法。
2.C。这句话的意思是“专家认为这意味着更多人______接受测试”;A项“无疑地,必定地”太绝对,B项“主要地,首先地”和D项“合理地”用在句中比较突兀,只有C项“大概,可能”较合适,强调了可能性。
3.B。这句话的意思是“大多数_______HIV病毒测试显示结果都要花费几天甚至几个星期的时间”;most在此意为“大多数”,而不是“非常”的意思,A项意为“(条件)有利的”,B项意为“现行的,当前的”,C项意为“(理论,论点等的)有充分根据的,(法律上)依法有效的”,D项意为“具体的,实在的”,比较之下,显然B最恰当,使OraQuick test 与 大多数当前的测试方法产生对比。
4.A。显而易见,这里是在指这种测试报告正确的检测结果;因此A项“报道,报告,汇报”最符合句意,B项意为“勘探,探险,探讨”,C项意为“预言,预告”,D项意为“指示,命令,教导”,均不恰当。
5.B。这句话的意思是“这项测试需要________手指上的血”;B项有“仅仅,只一个”之意,用在这里指“只(需要)一滴”,强调的是“仅仅,只要”,从而显示出这项测试的便捷,individual 与 each 搭配时表示“个别的,独特的,单独的”,C项意为“唯一的”,D项意为“(语法或文法)单数的”,均不如B恰当。
6.D。这句话的意思是“估计有90万美国人被HIV病毒________”;D项“被感染”与HIV病毒搭配比较恰当,A项虽然也有“得病,被感染到”的意思,但它不能与介词with搭配,B项意为“被污染”,C项意为“(消息等)被传播,被传开”,在此与主语Americans 搭配不太恰当。
7.A。这句话的意思是“但专家表明其中________25%的人不知道他们已经受了感染”;若选A项“达到,多达”,可以强调出“病人受到HIV病毒感染却毫不知情”这个糟糕的事实,B项只能修饰不可数名词,C项“仅仅”和D项“只有”在此不能强调出人数之多。
8. B。在这句话中,过去分词tested是who are tested 的省略形式,用来修饰主语thepeople,因此B项为正确答案。
9.A。这句话的意思是“如今,在公共医疗中心接受HIV测试的约一半人未能够返回中心__________他们的测试结果”;A项用在此处意为“获悉,听说(测试结果)”,较为合理,B项意为“学习,研究”,C项意为“检查,检验”,D项意为“对待,处理,医疗”,与“测试结果”搭配均不如A恰当。
10.C。这句话的意思是“医疗人员说这种新的测试_______HIV病毒携带者更及时地开始治疗”;选用enable somebody to do something“使某人能够做某事”能使句意通顺,permit somebody to do something意为“允许某人做某事”,B项意为“禁止”,authorize somebody to do something 意为“批准某人做某事”,用在句中均不符合句意。
11.B。A项意为体积上的“扩大,膨胀,扩张”,B项意为“传播”,C项意为“延伸,扩大,延伸加长之物”,D项意为“提升”,而HIV病毒的传播途径其中一种便是由母亲传播给新生婴儿,因此选B最恰当。
12.C。这句话的意思是“__________的女人可以在她生孩子之前接受测试”;既然此处提到“生孩子”,那么pregnant“怀孕的”必定为正确答案。
13.A。根据上下文,这句话的意思是“这种测试可以测出他们(医疗工作者)__________已经受到了HIV携带者病人的血液的威胁”;测试的结果必定只有两种——是与否,因此选A最恰当。
14。D。可以想象,医疗工作者受到感染很可能是由于与携带HIV病毒的病人发生了接触,因此 patients 是比较合理的答案,其余几项均不如它恰当。
15.A。根据文意,受到带病毒血液威胁的医疗工作者们接受及时治疗,是为了________病毒的感染;很显然,选A项“防止受到”比较恰当,B项意为“恢复到健康的正常状态”,是指已经得病而康复,C项意为“(尤指军队)撤退,后退”,D项不与from连用,没有“防御,防止受到”之意。
16.C。approve something for use 意为“批准某物投入使用”,介词for在此表示目的。
17.A。“符合要求”即meet the requirements,为固定用法。
18.D。这句话的意思是“这意味着_______医疗中心能够提供这项测试”;首先可排除B、C两项,因为它们只能形容不可数名词,然后上句提到“政府请求那家公司使这项测试的要求放宽”,可以想象,要求放宽后必定有更多的医疗中心能够提供这项测 试,因此选D项“更多的”最合理。
19.C。这句话的意思是“汤米·汤普森赞扬这种测试_________美国对抗艾滋病的极为重要的一个进步”;praise something as...意为“赞扬某物为…”,是固定词组,因此选介词as为正确答案。
20.B。我们可以很容易联想到此分句意为“美国对抗艾滋病”;fight for 意为“为…而战斗”,fight against 意为“与…对抗,与…战斗”,about意为“关于”,fight back 后面不能搭配宾语,因此介词 against 是正确选择。